Ancient Indian clothing was primarily unstitched, draped garments made from locally sourced materials like cotton, silk, wool, and linen, with the earliest evidence dating back to the Indus Valley Civilization (c. 2600–1900 BCE). While cotton was the dominant fabric, with Herodotus noting its superior quality, silk production (including reeling) was also well-established, alongside the weaving of kimkhwab (brocade of silk and gold/silver thread).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_clothing_in_the_Indian_subcontinent
The evolution of attire is categorized by distinct periods and materials:
https://www.pure-elegance.com/blogs/arts-culture/the-rich-history-of-indian-fashion
Indus Valley & Vedic Periods: People wore unstitched garments such as the vasa (lower garment/loin cloth), adhivasa (upper garment), and nivi (undergarment), with evidence of sewing found through bone needles and spindle whorls.
Mauryan & Shunga Periods: Textiles included fine muslin and cotton, with men often wearing a dhoti tied with a kamarband (waistband), while women wore gathered lower garments and occasionally thin bodices.
https://www.thisismyindia.com/ancient_india/ancient-india-clothing.html
Kushana & Gupta Periods: Stitched clothing gained popularity due to foreign influences, introducing long-sleeved tunics, coats, trousers, and boots alongside traditional drapes like the antariya and uttariya.
Materials & Techniques: Fabrics were often dyed in bright colors (indigo, red, yellow) and featured intricate patterns; gold ornaments and embroidery were common among the upper castes, while block printing was noted during the invasion of Alexander.
Specific garments varied by gender and region, including the sari (evolved from dhoti wraps), kayabandh (waist sash), kanchuka (tunic), and choli (blouse), while jewelry made of gold, silver, and terracotta was an integral part of the attire